The Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum (1480) (Wikimedia Commons)

What were the “Non-Naturals”?

juliamartins99Key Concepts

When I was growing up, my grandmother told me to avoid cold showers if I was having my period. I was also not supposed to leave the house with my hair wet unless it was summer. When we travelled to the mountains, my other grandmother would ‘fill her lungs with forest air’. She claimed to feel instantly healthier. I’m sure …

Portrait of a Girl (Anonymous, 1600-1620). Wikimedia Commons.

Green Sickness: A Historical Look at the ‘Disease of Virgins’

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Imagine that it’s 1554, and you’re the father of a young girl who is unwell. You write to a friend of yours, who is a physician, describing her symptoms, which include her being ‘pale, as if bloodless’. And this is the reply you get: The doctor continues, writing that the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates suggests that So… the solution for …

Detail of Botticelli's Venus

Golden Locks: Hair Care in the Renaissance Era

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Imagine you’re living in Renaissance Florence and you notice you’re losing your hair; maybe you’re a man who’s growing bald, or maybe you’re a woman who’s just given birth. What could you do to treat hair loss? Well, you could use a recipe like this: Yes, people really did use animal excrements in cosmetic and medical recipes – much more …

Portrait of Paracelsus by Quinten Massys (National Trust)

Paracelsus: The Rebellious Doctor Who Defied Tradition

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I recently found myself going down the rabbit hole of Japanese manga and anime fandom online. Now, this is something I know nothing about. I’ve never really been into anime or manga, but I was fascinated to learn about Van Hohenheim or ‘Hohenheim of Light’, a character who is a powerful alchemist in the anime series Fullmetal Alchemist, clearly inspired …

Still Life with Fruit, Nuts and Cheese (1613) by Floris van Dyck (Wikimedia Commons)

The Medicine behind food – from starters to desserts 

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Think of a traditional European meal. First, you’d have starters, maybe a soup, then your main dish, usually something with meat, then you might have dessert, or cheese – or even both! And, depending on what you’re eating, you might be advised to pair it with different wines, or ale. Of course, how people eat varies widely across time and …

What is the ‘Doctrine of Signatures’?

juliamartins99Key Concepts

In the early modern period, an impotent man might be prescribed boiled orchid roots. But why? Well, they resembled testicles and were consequentially believed to be useful in improving male potency. If you think this sounds weird, stay with me. Efficacy aside, prescribing this remedy makes sense… if you accept the premise of the doctrine of signatures, one of the …

What are the ‘Non-Naturals’?

juliamartins99Key Concepts

When I was growing up, I was told to avoid cold showers if I was having my period. I was also not supposed to leave the house with my hair wet unless it was summer. When we travelled to the mountains, my maternal grandmother would ‘fill her lungs with forest air’. She claimed to feel instantly healthier.

The four humours and their corresponding elements and zodiacal signs. Woodcut in Quinta Essentia by Leonhart Thurneysser (1574). Credit: Wikimedia Commons.

What is the Humoral Theory?

juliamartins99Key Concepts

Humours are everywhere. People can react cholerically to an insult, music can make us melancholic, time with friends can lift our spirits, and we can be in good or bad humour. This is not surprising. The humoral theory has a long history, beginning with the Greek Hippocratic writers in the fifth century BC, being reinterpreted by the Roman physician Galen in the second century AD.